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| Mbbs 2nd year Subject and Syllabus Of Part II |
Syllabus And Subjects of SECOND PROFESSIONAL
M.B.B.S.
(A) GENERAL PATHOLOGY
(B) PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS
(C) FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY
(D) Behavioral SCIENCES
(Schedule distributed with the educational plan of first expert
M.B.B.S. Part-I and II).
(A) GENERAL PATHOLOGY
CELL INJURY
1. Rot, Ischemia, Hypoxia, Infarction and Gangrene
Oncosis and Autolysis.
2. Succession of the ultrastructural and biochemical changes
which happen in the cell in light of the accompanying:
ƒ Ischemia
ƒ Immunological injury, e.g., Asthma/SLE/Anaphylactic
response
ƒ Physical specialists, e.g., Radiation
ƒ Genetic deformities, e.g., Thalassemia/Hemophilia
ƒ Nutritional insufficiency, e.g., Kwashiorkor
ƒ Infectious specialists
ƒ Viruses, e.g., Hepatitis
ƒ Bacteria, e.g., Staphylococcus aureus
ƒ Fungi, e.g., Candida
ƒ Parasites, e.g., Malaria
ƒ Nutritional insufficiency
3. Irreversible and reversible injury
4. Apoptosis and its importance.
5. Corruption and its sorts
6. Exogenous and endogenous pigmentation.
7. Dystrophic and metastatic calcification alongside clinical
importance.
8. Metabolic issues
• Lipid issues, Steatosis of liver, Hyperlipidemia
• Protein problems
• Carbohydrate issues
Irritation, MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
1. Part of irritation in the guard components of the body.
2. Vascular changes of intense irritation and their connection to
morphological and tissue impacts.
3. Interaction of Chemotaxis, Opsonization and Phagocytosis.
4. Part of cell segments in provocative exudate.
5. Exudates and transudate.
6. Significant compound middle people of aggravation.
7. Pathway of Arachidonic Acid digestion.
8. Job of results of Arachidonic corrosive digestion in aggravation.
9. Instrument for improvement of fever, regarding exogenous and
endogenous pyrogens.
10. Ongoing irritation including Granulomas.
11. Granuloma and its sorts alongside causes.
12. Fundamental impacts of intense and persistent irritation and their conceivable
results.
13. Meaning of ESR.
14. Instigated hypothermia in medication.
15. Recuperating in specific tissue.
WOUND HEALING
1. Fix and recovery.
2. Twisted recuperating by first and second aim.
3. Elements that impact the fiery reparative reaction.
4. Wound withdrawal and cicatrisation.
5. Arrangement of granulation tissue.
6. Intricacies of wound recuperating.
Problems OF CIRCULATION
a. Thrombo-embolic problems and their modalities
1. Etiology and pathogenesis of apoplexy.
2. Potential outcomes of apoplexy
3. Distinction among thrombi and clusters
4. Characterization of emboli as per their organization.
5. Distinction among blood vessel and venous emboli.
b. Drain, Hyperemia and Congestion
1. Meanings of normal kinds of Hemorrhage
2. Kinds of hyperemia
3. Distinction among hyperemia and clog
c. Localized necrosis
1. Kinds of dead tissue
2. Distinction among sickly and hemorrhagic infarct
3. Morphological image of infraction in various organ frameworks
d. Problems of the dissemination and shock
1. Edema, ascites, hydrothorax and anasarca.
2. Pathophysiology of edema with extraordinary accentuation on CHF.
3. Pathogenesis of four significant kinds of shock (Hypovolemic,
cardiogenic, vasovagal and septic) and their causes.
4. Compensatory components engaged with shock.
MICROBIOLOGY
1. Safeguard components of the body.
2. Microbial instruments of attack and destructiveness.
3. Contrast among cleansing and sterilization.
4. Strategies for sanitization and cleansing of the accompanying:
a. Office where the specialist rehearses,
b. Assessment table,
c. Any spillage for example sputum, vomitus, stool, pee, blood,
d. Assessment devices, e.g., thermometer, nasal and ear specula and
spatula,
5. Standards of aseptic procedures like Venepuncture, urinary
catheterization, wrapping, stitching and timber cut.
6. General insurances for contamination control.
7. General standards of the accompanying serological tests:
a. ELISA – Hepatitis (A,B,C,D,E,G) Rubella, CMV and HIV
b. PCR
c. Haemagglutination – TPHA
d. Western Blot – HIV
Intestinal sickness.
8. Understanding of :
a. Culture reports
b. Serological reports and
c. Tiny reports of gram stain and ZN stain.
9. Standards of legitimate assortment and accommodation of examples for
research center examinations
9. General qualities and scientific classification of Bacteria, Rickettsia,
Chlamydia, Viruses and Fungi.
11. Transmittable, Endemic, Epidemic, and Pandemic Diseases, Carriers
Microbes, Opportunists, Commensals and Colonizers.
12. Microorganisms answerable for disease of the accompanying organ
frameworks:
ƒ Central Nervous System
ƒ Respiratory System
ƒ Gastrointestinal System
ƒ Genital System
ƒ Urinary System
ƒ Infections of Bones and Joints
ƒ Zoonosis
ƒ Infection of the Skin
ƒ Hepatic Infections
13 Pathogenesis, Treatment, Epidemiology, Prevention and Control of the
following living beings:
(I) Bacteria
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Beta hemolytic streptococcus bunch an and b
Diphtheria sp.
Bordetella sp.
Bacillus anthracis
Clostridium perfrignes
Clostridium botulinum,
Clostridium difficile
Clostridium tetani
Actinomycies israelli
Nocardia asteroides
Neisseria meningitis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Gardenella vaginalis
Haemophilus influenzae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium leprae
E.coli
Klebsiella
Proteus
Salmonella
Shigella
Yersinia pestis
Pseudomonas
Vibrio cholera
Vibrio parahemolyticus
Campylobacter jejuni
Helicobacter pylori
Legionella
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Chlamydia
Treponema pallidium
Leptospira
Rickettsia sp.
(ii) Viruses
Mumps
Herpes
Measles
Flu,
Para flu
RSV
Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E
Rota
CMV
EBV
Rubella
Chicken Pox
HIV
Rabies
(iii) Fungus
Cryptococcus neoformans
Candida albicans
Fungus species
(iv) Protozoa
Plasmodium species
Giardia lamblia
Entamoeba histolytica
Leishmania species
Trichomonas vaginalis
Toxoplasma gondii
Pneumocyctis carinii
(v) Helminths
Ascaris lumbricoides
Ancylostoma duodenale
Trichuris trichuria
Enterobius vermicularis
Filaria species
Strongyloides stercoralis
Schistosoma species
Echinococcus species
Taenia solium
Taenia saginata
Hymenolepis nana
Standards OF ANTI MICROBIAL ACTION.
1. Anti-microbials, particular harmfulness, bacteriostatic and bactericidal.
2. Host determinants according to determination of an antimicrobial medication for
treatment.
3. Least inhibitory focus (MIC) and least bactericidal
focus (MBC)
4. Bacterial obstruction and the systems associated with getting bacterial
obstruction
5. Components associated with move of medication protection from bacterial
obstruction.
6. Method of activity of different antimicrobial medication gatherings.
7. Superinfection and cross affectability.
Rundown OF COMMON ORGANISMS CAUSING ORGAN SYSTEM EFFECTS
a. Normal life forms causing CNS Infections
(I) Bacteria
Steptococcus pneumoniae
Beta hemolyticus srteptococcus bunch b
Neisseria meningitidis
Haemophilis influenzae
Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
E.coli
Listeria monocytogenes
(ii) infections
Enterovirus
Mumps
Herpes
Adenovirus
(iii) organism
Cryptococcus neoformis
(iv) protozoa
Jungle fever
Toxoplasma
B. Normal living beings causing respiratory parcel disease
(I) microorganisms:
Steptococcus pneumoniae
Beta hemolyticus streptococcus bunch b
Diptheria sp.
Bordetella sp.
Hemophilus influenzae
Mycobacteriurn tuberculosis
Klebsiella
Legionella
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
(ii) infections
Herpes
Adeno infection
Measles
Flu
Para flu
Rhinovirus
RSV
(iii) protozoa
Pneumocystic carinii
C. Organic entities causing gastrointestinal plot disease/pervasion
(I) Bacteria
Clostridium difficile
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Salmonella
Shigella
Vibrio cholera
Vibrio parahemolyticus
Campylobacter jejuni
Helicobacter pylori
(ii) Viruses
Hepatitis A
Rota
Astro
(iii) Fungus
Cryptococcus neoformis
(vi) Protozoa
Giardia lamblia
Entameba histolytica
Cryptosporidium
D. Normal life forms causing hepatic contaminations
(I) Bacteria
Streptococcus species
Coliforms
Anaerobes
(ii) Viruses
Herpes
Hepatitis A, B, C, D, E
CMV
EBV
(iii) Protozoa
Entameba histolytica
Tape worms
Echinococcus granulosus
E. Normal living beings causing skin disease
(I) microbes
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Actinomyces israelli
Nocardia asteroides
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium leprae
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
(ii) infections
Herpes
Measles
Rubella,
Chicken pox
Moluscum contagiosum
(iii) organism
Candida albicans
Fungus species
(iv) arthropodes
Sarcoptes scabiei
Pediculus species
Cinex lectularius
(v) helminths
Filaria species
Strongyloides stercoralis
Schistosoma sp.
(vi) protozoa:
Leishmania species.
f. Normal creatures causing bone and joint disease
Microbes: Staph aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus
influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Brucella melitenesis, Salmonella
typhi, Strep. pneumonae, Pseudomonas sp. what's more, Mycobacterium
tuberculosis.
g. Normal life forms causing genital contamination
(I) Bacteria: Mycoplasma urealyticum
(ii) Viruses: Pox, Herpes, Hepatitis B, HIV
(iii) Fungus: Candida albicans
(iv) Arthropodes: Sarcoptes scabiei
(v) Protozoa: Tricomonas vaginalis
h. Normal living beings causing zoonosis
(I) Viruses: Rabies,
(ii) Protozoa: Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania sp.
(iii) Helmenthics: Echinococcus sp.
Hereditary qualities
1. Normal sex connected, autosomal passive and autosomal predominant
messes.
2. Normal hereditary changes.
3. Sicknesses related with consanguineous relationships.
4. Sub-atomic science method
Development DISORERS/NEOPLASIA
1. Atroph
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